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Long Working Distance (LWD) objective lenses
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Most biological objective lenses are designed to focus on specimens mounted under a standard #1.5 coverslip, which is about 170 µm thick. Most of these objectives cannot focus through the plastic in the bottom of a standard microtitre plate because their working distances are only a few hundred µm and the bottom of the plate is in the order of 1 mm thick. Long working distance objectives are designed to focus on specimens relatively far away from the front lens and can cope with the thickness of a microtitre plate.
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