Topics
The CLOSER topic controlled vocabulary is a list of the topic areas covered by the studies. It is a compilation of items from the MeSH and HASSET topic controlled vocabularies. The CLOSER vocabulary has two levels. Level 2 topics are subsets of the Level 1 topics.
CLOSER Discovery maps each question and variable to a topic (see how to Apply topics for more details). This allows you to refine your search results by the topic you are interested in, or browse questions and variables in a particular topic using the explore function.
The table below provides descriptions of each of the topics, and shows the relationship between the level 1 and level 2 topics. The description also includes source of the definition which have been taken from MeSH, HASSET, Oxford online, WHO, ONS, National Academy on Women's Health Medical Education, U.S. National Library of Medicine, Urdang (1988), Webster (1961), Stedman (1995) and Timmreck (1987).
ID | Colectica Code | Level 1 | Level 1 description | ID | Colectica Code | Level 2 | Level 2 description |
0 | 0 | None | |||||
1 | 101 | Demographics | Statistical interpretation and description of a population with reference to distribution, composition, or structure. (MeSH) | 1.1 | 10101 | Place of birth | |
1.2 | 10102 | Gender | A person's concept of self as being male and masculine or female and feminine or ambivalent, based in part on physical characteristics, parental responses, and psychological and social pressures. It is the internal experience of gender role. (MeSH) | ||||
1.3 | 10103 | Ethnic group | A group of people with a common cultural heritage that sets them apart from others in a variety of social relationships. (MeSH) | ||||
1.4 | 10104 | Language(s) spoken | Language = The method of human communication, either spoken or written, consisting of the use of words in a structured and conventional way. (Oxford online) | ||||
1.6 | 10106 | Location | A particular place or position. (Oxford online) | ||||
1.7 | 10107 | Age | |||||
2 | 102 | Housing and local environment | Housing = Living facilities for humans. | 2.1 | 10201 | Housing | Living facilities for humans. (MeSH) |
Environment = The external elements and conditions which surround, influence and affect the life and development of an organism or population. (MeSH) | 2.2 | 10202 | Neighbourhood | A district or community within a town or city. (Oxford online) | |||
2.3 | 10203 | Travel and transport | Travel = Make a journey, typically of some length. (Oxford online) | ||||
Transport = Take or carry (people or goods) from one place to another by means of a vehicle, aircraft or ship. (Oxford online) | |||||||
2.4 | 10204 | Environmental exposure | The exposure to potentially harmful chemical, physical or biological agents in the environmental factors that may include ionizing radiation, pathogenic organisms or toxic chemicals. (MeSH) | ||||
2.5 | 10205 | Residential mobility | Frequent change of residence, either in the same city or town, or between cities, states or communities (U.S. National Library of Medicine) | ||||
3 | 103 | Physical health | Health relating to the body as opposed to the mind. (Oxford online) | 3.1 | 10301 | Cardiovascular system | The heart and the blood vessels by which blood is pumped and circulated through the body. (MeSH) |
3.2 | 10302 | Musculoskeletal system | The muscles, bones (bone and bones), and cartilage of the body. | ||||
3.3 | 10303 | Respiratory system | The tubular and cavernous organs and structures, by means of which pulmonary ventilation and gas exchange between ambient air and the blood are brought about. (MeSH) | ||||
3.4 | 10304 | Nervous system | The entire nerve apparatus, composed of a central part, the brain and spinal cord, and a peripheral part, the cranial and spinal nerves, autonomic ganglia and plexuses. (Stedman, 1995) | ||||
3.5 | 10305 | Digestive system | A group of organs stretching from the mouth to the anus serving to breakdown foods, assimilate nutrients and eliminate waste. In humans, the digestive system includes the gastrointestinal tract and the accessory glands (liver, bilary tract and pancreas). (MeSH) | ||||
3.6 | 10306 | Urogenital system | All the organs involved in reproduction and the formation and release of urine. It includes the kidneys, ureters, bladder, urethra, and the organs of reproduction - ovaries, uterus, fallopian tubes, vagina, and clitoris in women and the testes, seminal vesicles, prostate, seminal ducts and penis in men. (MeSH) | ||||
3.7 | 10307 | Endocrine system | The systems of glands that release their secretions (hormones) directly into the circulatory system. In addition to the endocrine glands, included are the chromaffin system and the neurosecretory systems. (MeSH) | ||||
3.8 | 10308 | Hemic and immune systems | Hemic = relating to the blood or circulatory system. (Oxford online) | ||||
Immune system = the organs responsible for immunity. The primary lymphoid organs are the thymus and the bone marrow; the secondary lymphoid organs and the lymph nodes and lymphoid aggregates (spleen, tonsils, gastrointestinal lymph tissue and Peyer's patches). (Oxford online) | |||||||
3.9 | 10309 | Hearing, vision, speech | Hearing = The faculty of perceiving sounds. (Oxford online) | ||||
Vision = The faculty or state of being able to see. (Oxford online) | |||||||
Speech = The expression of or the ability to express thoughts and feelings by articulate sounds. (Oxford online) | |||||||
3.1 | 10310 | Oral/dental health | The optimal state of the mouth and normal functioning of the organs of the mouth without evidence of disease. (MeSH) | ||||
3.11 | 10311 | Skin diseases | Dermatology | Dermatology = the medical speciality concerned with the diagnosis and treatment of skin disorders. (MeSH) | ||||
3.12 | 10312 | Congenital and malformations | Malformations of organs or body parts during development in utero. (MeSH) | ||||
3.13 | 10313 | Cancer | New abnormal growth of tissue. Malignant neoplasms show a greater degree of anaplasia and have the properties of invasion and metastasis, compared to benign neoplasms. (MeSH) | ||||
3.14 | 10314 | Mortality | All deaths reported in a given population. (MeSH) | ||||
3.15 | 10315 | Reproductive health | Within the framework of WHO's definition of health as a state of complete physical, mental and social well-being, and not merely the absence of disease or infirmity, reproductive health addresses the reproductive processes, functions and system at all stages of life. (WHO) | ||||
3.16 | 10316 | Women's health | A broad category of illnesses and health conditions associated with being female. Women's health is devoted to facilitating the preservation of wellness and prevention of illness in women and includes screening, diagnosis and management of conditions that are unique in women, are more common in women, are more serious in women, have manifestations, risk factors or interventions that are different in women. Women's health also recognizes the importance of the study of gender differences, recognizes multidisciplinary team approaches, includes the diversity of women's health needs over the life cycle, and how these needs reflect differences in race, class, ethnicity, culture, sexual preference, and levels of education and access to medical care, and includes the empowerment of women, as for all patients, to be informed participants in their own health care. (National Academy on Women's Health Medical Education) | ||||
3.17 | 10317 | Accidents and injuries | Damage inflicted on the body as the direct or indirect result of an external force, with or without disruption of structural continuity. (MeSH) | ||||
3.18 | 10318 | Allergies | Altered reactivity to an antigen, which can result in pathologic reactions upon subsequent exposure to that particular antigen. (MeSH) | ||||
3.19 | 10319 | Infections | Invasion of the host organism by microorganisms that can cause pathological conditions or diseases. (MeSH) | ||||
3.2 | 10320 | Anthropometry | The technique that deals with the measurement of the size, weight, and proportions of the human or other primate body. (MeSH) | ||||
3.21 | 10321 | Physical characteristics | Pertaining to the body, rather than the mind. (Oxford Online) | ||||
3.22 | 10322 | Physical functioning | |||||
3.23 | 10323 | General health | The level of health of the individual, group, or population as subjectively assessed by the individual or by more objective measures. (MeSH) | ||||
4 | 104 | Mental health and mental processes | Mental health = A person’s condition with regard to their psychological and emotional well-being. Mental process = A series of actions or steps taken in order to achieve a particular end, relating to the mind. (Oxford Online) | 4.1 | 10401 | Mental disorders | Mental disorders comprise a broad range of problems, with different symptoms. However, they are generally characterized by some combination of abnormal thoughts, emotions, behaviour and relationships with others. Examples are schizophrenia, depression, intellectual disabilities and disorders due to drug abuse. Most of these disorders can be successfully treated. (WHO) |
4.2 | 10402 | Personality | Temperament | Personality = behaviour -response patterns that characterize the individual. Temperament = Predisposition to react to one's environment in a certain way; usually refers to mood changes. (MeSH) | ||||
4.3 | 10403 | Wellbeing | The state of being comfortable, healthy, or happy. (Oxford Online) | ||||
4.4 | 10404 | Emotions | Those affective states which can be experienced and have arousing and motivational properties. (MeSH) | ||||
4.5 | 10405 | Cognitive function | A set of cognitive functions that controls complex, goal-directed thought and behavior. Executive function involves multiple domains, such as CONCEPT FORMATION, goal management, cognitive flexibility, INHIBITION control, and WORKING MEMORY. Impaired executive function is seen in a range of disorders, e.g., SCHIZOPHRENIA; and ADHD. (MeSH) | ||||
5 | 105 | Health care | The organized provision of medical care to individuals or a community. (Oxford Online) | 5.1 | 10501 | Health services utilisation | The degree to which individuals are inhibited or facilitated in their ability to gain entry to and to receive care and services from the health care system. Factors influencing this ability include geographic, architectural, transportational, and financial considerations, among others. (MeSH) |
5.2 | 10502 | Hospital admissions | The process of accepting patients. The concept includes patients accepted for medical and nursing care in a hospital or other health care institution. (MeSH) | ||||
5.3 | 10503 | Immunisations | Deliberate stimulation of the host's immune response. ACTIVE IMMUNIZATIONinvolves administration of ANTIGENS or IMMUNOLOGIC ADJUVANTS. PASSIVE IMMUNIZATION involves administration of IMMUNE SERA or LYMPHOCYTESor their extracts (e.g., transfer factor, immune RNA) or transplantation of immunocompetent cell producing tissue (thymus or bone marrow). (MeSH) | ||||
5.4 | 10504 | Medications | Drugs intended for human or veterinary use, presented in their finished dosage form. Included here are materials used in the preparation and/or formulation of the finished dosage form. | ||||
5.5 | 10505 | Complementary therapies | Therapeutic practices which are not currently considered an integral part of conventional allopathic medical practice. They may lack biomedical explanations but as they become better researched some (PHYSICAL THERAPY MODALITIES;DIET; ACUPUNCTURE) become widely accepted whereas others (humors, radium therapy) quietly fade away, yet are important historical footnotes. Therapies are termed as Complementary when used in addition to conventional treatments and as Alternative when used instead of conventional treatment. (MeSH) | ||||
5.6 | 10506 | Health insurance | Insurance providing coverage of medical, surgical, or hospital care in general or for which there is no specific heading. (MeSH) | ||||
6 | 106 | Health behaviour | Behaviors expressed by individuals to protect, maintain or promote their health status. For example, proper diet, and appropriate exercise are activities perceived to influence health status. Life style is closely associated with health behavior and factors influencing life style are socioeconomic, educational, and cultural. (MeSH) | 6.1 | 10601 | Diet and nutrition | Diet = The kinds of food that a person, animal, or community habitually eats. Nutrition = The process of providing or obtaining the food necessary for health and growth. (Oxford Online) |
6.2 | 10602 | Physical activity | Physical activity which is usually regular and done with the intention of improving or maintaining PHYSICAL FITNESS or HEALTH. Contrast with PHYSICAL EXERTION which is concerned largely with the physiologic and metabolic response to energy expenditure. (MeSH) | ||||
6.3 | 10603 | Sleep | A readily reversible suspension of sensorimotor interaction with the environment, usually associated with recumbency and immobility. (MeSH) | ||||
6.4 | 10604 | Smoking | Inhaling and exhaling the smoke of burning TOBACCO. (MeSH) | ||||
6.5 | 10605 | Alcohol consumption | Behaviors associated with the ingesting of alcoholic beverages, including social drinking. (MeSH) | ||||
6.6 | 10606 | Substance abuse | Disorders related to substance abuse. (MeSH) | ||||
6.7 | 10607 | Risk taking | Undertaking a task involving a challenge for achievement or a desirable goal in which there is a lack of certainty or a fear of failure. It may also include the exhibiting of certain behaviors whose outcomes may present a risk to the individual or to those associated with him or her. (MeSH) | ||||
6.8 | 10608 | Criminal behaviour | Crime = An action or omission which constitutes an offence and is punishable by law. (Oxford Online) | ||||
6.9 | 10609 | Sexual behaviour | Sexual activities of humans. (MeSH) | ||||
7 | 107 | Family and social networks | Family = A social group consisting of parents or parent substitutes and children. Social networks = Support systems that provide assistance and encouragement to individuals with physical or emotional disabilities in order that they may better cope. Informal social support is usually provided by friends, relatives, or peers, while formal assistance is provided by churches, groups, etc. (MeSH) | 7.1 | 10701 | Home life | A person’s family, personal relationships, and domestic interests considered as a whole. (Oxford Online) |
7.2 | 10702 | Household composition | One person living alone; or a group of people (not necessarily related) living together. (ONS) | ||||
7.3 | 10703 | Marital status | A demographic parameter indicating a person's status with respect to marriage, divorce, widowhood, singleness, etc. (MeSH) | ||||
7.4 | 10704 | Family members and relations | Behavioral, psychological, and social relations among various members of the nuclear family and the extended family. (MeSH) | ||||
7.5 | 10705 | Friends | Persons whom one knows, likes, and trusts. (MeSH) | ||||
7.6 | 10706 | Childcare | Care of children in the home or institution. (MeSH) | ||||
7.7 | 10707 | Child welfare | Organized efforts by communities or organizations to improve the health and well-being of the child. (MeSH) | ||||
7.8 | 10708 | Social support | Support systems that provide assistance and encouragement to individuals with physical or emotional disabilities in order that they may better cope. Informal social support is usually provided by friends, relatives, or peers, while formal assistance is provided by churches, groups, etc. (MeSH) | ||||
7.9 | 10709 | Leisure activities | Voluntary use of free time for activities outside the daily routine. (MeSH) | ||||
7.1 |